Wisconsin Esthetics State Board Practice Test

Where are Merkel cells primarily located?

1. In the dermis

2. In the subcutaneous layer

3. In the stratum germinativum

4. In the stratum corneum

The correct answer is: In the stratum germinativum

Merkel cells are primarily located in the stratum germinativum, which is also known as the basal layer of the epidermis. This layer is responsible for the production of new skin cells and forms the deepest part of the epidermis. Merkel cells are specialized mechanoreceptors that play a crucial role in the sensation of touch, providing the body with the ability to detect light touch and texture. Their presence in the stratum germinativum allows them to be in close proximity to nerve endings, facilitating the transmission of tactile information to the nervous system. The other choices reflect layers of the skin where Merkel cells are not predominantly found. The dermis contains various structures such as hair follicles, blood vessels, and sebaceous glands, but not Merkel cells. The subcutaneous layer (hypodermis) serves as a cushion and contains fatty tissue, providing insulation and energy storage. The stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the epidermis, consists of dead keratinized cells that form a protective barrier but does not contain Merkel cells. Therefore, understanding the specific location of Merkel cells is essential for grasping how the skin facilitates touch sensation.